Semen analysis with regard to sperm number, sperm morphology and functional aspects. It is designed for use in both manual and automated semen analysis protocols. The updated version of the who manual was completed at the end of 2009 and published in 2010. The semen analysis who 2010 the methods for the evaluation of human semen as described in the older who manuals57 are widely used as a standard reference for. Fifth edition 2010 224 appendix 1 reference values and semen nomenclature comment 5. Examination and processing of human semen service temporarily. Performing the mixed antiglobulin reaction mar test if required.
In the last decade, the decision to consider a semen analysis report as normal or abnormal was based on the criteria set by the world health. The most common reasons for laboratory semen analysis in humans are as part of a couples infertility investigation and after a vasectomy to verify that the procedure was successful. New 2010 who standards 5th edition for the evaluation of. Semen analysis and sperm testing mens health articles. Semen analysis results are generally available within a few days. Making semen smears for assessing sperm morphology. The personal and social effects of disrupting the unity of biological and social relatedness for the offspring by joanna rose bsocsc, ba hons humanities program queensland university of technology thesis submitted for. A user guide to the male fertility test report at southend hospital this information sheet is intended to provide guidance on the interpretation of the semen analysis report. The requirements for semen analysis first edition 2017 is a tier 4 npaac document and. Normal values according to who 1999 and who 2010 criteria 6. An appointment must be made with the laboratory on 01702 422555 for the mft sample to be tested, failure to do so will result in a repeat sample being required. Semen ph, sperm motility and sperm vitality are parameters that degrade rapidly from the time of ejaculation. Semen analysis is the initial laboratory test conducted to examine the role played by men in couples infertility.
In utero exposure to bap negatively impacts sperm quality in f1 males as measured by computerassisted sperm analysis. Semen analysis a guide to semen analysis bellybelly. The sperm analysis in icsi health and social care essay abstract. The accuracy of the result is dependent on following accredited methods of analysis that are regularly audited and subject to quality control. New world health organization reference values for semen.
A semen analysis is one of the most basic ways to evaluate infertility in men. The implications of the new who guidelines for sperm analysis. One of the main reasons for this lack of predictability is the fact that we often utilize the test inappropriately and often for the wrong reason. Automation is the key to standardized semen analysis using. Amos has delivered more than 5,000 babies, and supervised more than 20,000 deliveries. Your doctor has referred you to have a semen analysis. Semen analysis, also known as a sperm count test, analyzes the health and viability of a mans sperm.
Semen analysis is an important fertility test for infertile couples, and the test should be done before any treatments even just clomid are prescribed. How the results are interpreted can vary from lab to lab, because there are many models and methods for evaluating sperm. Le spermogramme, morphologie spermatique et biochimie du. As a consequence, many tests of sperm function tsf have been. Who laboratory manual for the examination and processing of human semen. A semen analysis and sperm testing can be performed to diagnose a man is experiencing infertility issues. Total motile sperm count has a superior predictive value over the. Parameter fraction of control values a,b 10 20 40 mgkgday mgkgday mgkgday progressive motility 1. Normal semen liquefies in 30 min, if liquefaction doesnot occur in 60 min there is abnormal increase in viscosity which decreases sperm motility. Organization reference values for human semen characteristics pdf. It can help determine if a problem in sperm production or quality of the sperm is causing infertility. Therefore, importance of a complete and thorough evaluation of the male partner cannot be under estimated, as ultimately clinical decisions are.
The point is, it doesnt matter how much normal spermatozoa there is in ejaculate but how many is reaching the egg in natural way by sperm analysis and ivf how much normal forms is in prepared sperm solution there might be quite a big difference how much sperm with normal shape are. Semen analysis plays a key role in the diagnostics of male infertility. Assessing sperm vitality if the percentage of motile cells is low. Interpretation of semen analysis using who 1999 and who. Who laboratory manual for the examination and processing of human semen 5th ed. The implications of the new who guidelines for sperm analysis paul turek md, facs, frsm. Interpretation of semen analysis using who 1999 and who 2010. Men whose semen characteristics fall below the lower limits given here are not necessarily infertile. Two days of sexual abstinence are recommended before the collection of the specimen. If the sperm analysis is normal, your doctor will probably recommend a thorough testing of your female partner before considering additional male infertility tests. The predictive values of who 2010 cutoff values and total motile sperm count for the intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcomes were also. Semen analysis is the corner stone of infertility evaluation as it provides information.
New 2010 who standards 5th edition for the evaluation of human semen 2010 who guidelines for semen analysis mahmood morshedi, ph. Who 2010 sperm concentration mean n1800 new fathers n8 countries 1 sd 1 sd n3 continents 2 sd 95%. Clinical relevance of routine semen analysis and controversies. To confirm pathological findings, at least two semen analyses are needed due to high interindividual variations. Semen analysis has to be performed according to world health organisation who criteria. Semen analyses lower reference limits defined by the who laboratory manual for the examination and processing of human semen in 2010. The new updated world health organization criteria for semen analysis on male infertility have affected the semen analysis on manual and computerized assisted semen analysis casa analysis techniques.
If sperm abnormalities are detected, the semen analysis can be repeated in four to six weeks to determine if they are permanent or temporary. Establishing the hypoosmotic swelling test for sperm analysis in collared peccaries pecari tajacu. The fifth edition includes new information on sperm preparation for clinical use or specialized assays and on cyropreservation, an expanded section on quality control in the semen analysis laboratory and evidencebased reference ranges and reference limits for various semen characteristics. Details semen analysis as a male investigation technique. A low sperm count is fewer than 15 million sperm per milliliter ejaculated. Who laboratory manual for the examination of human semen and sperm cervical mucus interaction. Variations in laboratory techniques significantly influence the reliability of. Automation is the key to standardized semen analysis using the automated sqav sperm quality analyzer ashok agarwal, ph. Instructions for microtool use in semen analysis the microtool disposable chamber provides consistent and accurate data on sperm concentration and motion analysis e. Since 1987, the world health organization who publishes guidelines standardizing procedures for assessing human semen and proposing reference values according to data from men around the world. Sometimes referred to as sperm count testing, a real semen analysis includes much more than just a sperm count. Reference values of who 1999 manual were used for the interpretation of semen analysis until 2010 when new reference values were introduced which have lower cut. The test may also be used after a vasectomy to make sure there are no sperm in the.
A complete collection of the semen is fundamental for a correct analysis. Prediction of male infertility by the world health organization. Semen analysis with regard to sperm number, sperm morphology. Educational commentary current methods to determine sperm counts cont. Sperm function testing is used to determine if the sperm have the biologic capacity to perform the tasks necessary to reach and fertilize ova and ultimately result in live births. Interpreting semen analysis results it is well documented that male factor infertility accounts for 30% of couples experiencing infertility. But dont worry the basics of semen analysis are the same and your doctor will guide you through interpreting the results.
Standard procedures in semen analysis include evaluation of sperm. Who laboratory manual for the examination and processing. About half of couples unable to have children have a male infertility problem. A sperm count of 20 million sperm or more per milliliter of semen is considered normal. Remember that fertile men may have from time to time an abnormal test, so a single. Semen analysis is the cornerstone for evaluating men for subfertility or infertility. Sperm count is probably the most wellknown factor a sperm analysis looks into. This sperm penetration assay spa is commonly referred to as the hamster egg test. It is also commonly used for testing human donors for sperm donation, and for animals semen analysis is commonly used in stud farming and farm animal breeding. Believe it or not, sperm production in the male body is a delicate and complicated process. It is generally accepted that semen analysis should commence. Amos grunebaum, md, facog is a professor of obstetrics and gynecology, and among the worlds leading authorities on fertility and pregnancy. Please call 7807355609 and select 0 for reception to book an. If test results are abnormal, your physician may diagnose one or more of the following conditions.
Regarding sperm morphology, the who criteria as described in 2010 state. If your doctor doesnt find any sperm in your semen analysis, he will probably check it for seminal fructose, which is produced by your seminal vesicles. The methodology used in the assessment of the usual variables in semen analysis is described, as are many of the less common, but very valuable, sperm function tests. World health organization reference values for human semen. However, it is very difficult to establish values that express fertility. However, the test has been shown to be ineffective in accurately predicting the fertility status of men. Semen analysis is one of the first tests done to evaluate a mans fertility. In its latest fifth edition who 2010 the semen analysis reference values are. Because every mans sperm count varies a bit depending on illness, wearing underwear that is too tight, or even stress, sperm analysis should be carried out twice, a few weeks. The semen analysis provides an indication of male fertility but is not an absolute test for fertility because it does not assess important aspects of sperm function, for example the ability of the sperm to locate and penetrate an egg.
If they stick to the head of the sperm, the sperm may not be able to penetrate if they cover the tail of the sperm, the sperm may not be able to swim fast enough or in the right direction. Normal values lower reference limits of semen analysis who 2010 test result who 1999 1. It gives the doctor information about your sperm count and quality, and how well the sperm cells are able to move. The semen analysis consists of a series of tests that evaluate the quality and quantity of the sperm as well as the semen, the fluid that contains them. The routine semen analysis, although used for more than 50 years, fails to accurately distinguish between fertile and infertile men. A semen analysis is done in many parts and tests various aspects about the sperm, but should be done at least two times within a period of two or three months.
Making semen dilutions for assessing sperm concentration. Semen analysis is the primary assessment tool for male fertility potential. The sperm analysis in icsi health and social care essay. If droplets form thread 2cm long viscosity is increased. Nomenclature related to semen quality notes on semen analysis who 2010 criteria. Sperm analysis definition of sperm analysis by medical. Thirdly, it is speculated on the likely effects of the 2010 who criteria. Oligospermia low sperm concentration aesthenospermia low sperm motility. Semen is the fluid containing sperm plus other sugar and protein substances thats. As the greatest concentration of sperm is found in the first portion of the ejaculate, the specimen should be collected by. A semen analysis is used to determine whether a man might be infertileunable to get a woman pregnant. The importance of semen analysis in the context of. American proficiency institute 2010 3rd test event if many sperm are present per highpower field hpf, prepare a 1. Semen analysis may be useful in both clinical and research settings, for investigating male.